Curriculum Vitae

Personal Details

Short Biography About Ts. Dr. Ku Chin Soon

Chin Soon Ku received a PhD from the University of Malaya, Malaysia, in 2019. Currently an assistant professor in the Department of Computer Science, University of Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia, his current research interests including AI techniques (such as genetic algorithm), computer vision, decision support tools, graphical authentication (authentication, picture-based password, graphical password), machine learning, deep learning, speech processing, natural language processing and unmanned logistics fleets. He has published papers on graphical password methods, including techniques to prevent shoulder-surfing attacks and improve password security. Additionally, he has contributed to research on information security, particularly in the context of chatbots and cryptography. He has explored techniques, features, and applications related to mobile phone data, including its use in crime applications and surveys of mobile phone data. In addtion, he has worked on improving optimization algorithms for various applications, such as optimal allocation and scheduling of wind turbine and electric vehicle parking lots, and optimal design of hybrid energy systems. He has conducted research on equity forecasting and stock market predictions, including the use of long short-term memory methods and dynamic indicators.

Administrative Duties

External Services

Consultancy Works

Academic Qualification

Professional Membership / Qualification / Certification

Areas of Expertise

Teaching

Publications

Articles in Journals

1. Lip Yee Por*, Chin Soon Ku, Amanul Islam, and Tan Fong Ang, “Graphical password: prevent shoulder-surfing attack using digraph substitution rules,” Front. Comput. Sci., vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 1098–1108, 2017, doi: 10.1007/s11704-016-5472-z.
2. Lip Yee Por*, Chin Soon Ku, and Tan Fong Ang, “Preventing shoulder-surfing attacks using digraph substitution rules and pass-image output feedback,” Symmetry (Basel)., vol. 11, no. 9, p. 1087, 2019, doi: 10.3390/sym11091087.
3. Lip Yee Por*, Lateef Adekunle Adebimpe, Mohd Yamani Idna Idris, Chee Siong Khaw, and Chin Soon Ku, “LocPass: A graphical password method to prevent shoulder-surfing,” Symmetry (Basel)., vol. 11, no. 10, p. 1252, 2019, doi: 10.3390/sym11101252.
4. Ward Ahmed Al-Hussein, Wenshuang Li, Lip Yee Por*, Chin Soon Ku*, Wajdi Hamza Dawod Alredany, Thanakamon Leesri, and Huda Hussein MohamadJawad, “Investigating the Effect of COVID-19 on Driver Behavior and Road Safety: A Naturalistic Driving Study in Malaysia,” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 19, no. 18, p. 11224, 2022, doi: 10.3390/ijerph191811224.
5. Mohammed Okmi, Lip Yee Por*, Tan Fong Ang, and Chin Soon Ku*, “Mobile Phone Data: A Survey of Techniques, Features, and Applications,” Sensors, vol. 23, no. 2, p. 908, 2023, doi: 10.3390/s23020908.
6. Jing Yang, Jiale Xiong, Yen Lin Chen*, Lip Yee Por*, Chin Soon Ku*, and Manoochehr Babanezhad, “Improved Golden Jackal Optimization for Optimal Allocation and Scheduling of Wind Turbine and Electric Vehicles Parking Lots in Electrical Distribution Network Using Rosenbrock’s Direct Rotation Strategy,” Mathematics, vol. 11, no. 6, p. 1415, 2023, doi: 10.3390/math11061415.
7. Jing Yang, Yen-Lin Chen*, Lip Yee Por*, Chin Soon Ku*, and Manoochehr Babanezhad, “An Improved Artificial Ecosystem-Based Optimization Algorithm for Optimal Design of a Hybrid Photovoltaic/Fuel Cell Energy System to Supply A Residential Complex Demand: A Case Study for Kuala Lumpur,” Energies, vol. 16, no. 6, p. 2867, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.3390/en16062867.
8. Mohammed Okmi, Lip Yee Por*, Tan Fong Ang, Ward Al-Hussein*, and Chin Soon Ku*, “A Systematic Review of Mobile Phone Data in Crime Applications: A Coherent Taxonomy Based on Data Types and Analysis Perspectives, Challenges, and Future Research Directions,” Sensors, vol. 23, no. 9, p. 4350, 2023, doi: 10.3390/s23094350.
9. Jing Yang, Yen Lin Chen*, Lip Yee Por*, and Chin Soon Ku*, “A Systematic Literature Review of Information Security in Chatbots,” Appl. Sci., vol. 13, no. 11, p. 6355, 2023, doi: 10.3390/app13116355.
10. Chin Soon Ku*, Jiale Xiong, Yen Lin Chen*, Shing Dhee Cheah, Hoong Cheng Soong, and Lip Yee Por*, “Improving Stock Market Predictions: An Equity Forecasting Scanner Using Long Short-Term Memory Method with Dynamic Indicators for Malaysia Stock Market,” Mathematics, vol. 11, no. 11, p. 2470, 2023, doi: 10.3390/math11112470.
11. Ayesha Kalhoro, Asif Ali Wagan, Abdullah Ayub Khan, Jim Min Lin, Chin Soon Ku*, Lip Yee Por*, and Jing Yang*, “Rewarding Developers by Storing Applications on Non-Fungible Tokens,” Mathematics, vol. 11, no. 11, p. 2519, 2023, doi: 10.3390/math11112519.
12. Xiaobo Liu, Yen-Lin Chen*, Lip Yee Por*, and Chin Soon Ku*, “A Systematic Literature Review of Vehicle Routing Problems with Time Windows,” Sustainability, vol. 15, no. 15, p. 12004, Aug. 2023, doi: 10.3390/su151512004.
13. Yan Jiao Wang, Ming Chi Chen, and Chin Soon Ku, “An Improved Archimedes Optimization Algorithm (IAOA),” J. Netw. Intell., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 693–709, 2023, [Online]. Available: https://bit.kuas.edu.tw/~jni/2023/vol8/s3/04.JNI-0450.pdf
14. A. Hasib Uddin, Yen Lin Chen*, Bijly Borkatullah, Mst Sathi Khatun, Jannatul Ferdous, Prince Mahmud, Jing Yang, Chin Soon Ku*, and Lip Yee Por*, “Deep-Learning-Based Classification of Bangladeshi Medicinal Plants Using Neural Ensemble Models,” Mathematics, vol. 11, no. 16, p. 3504, 2023, doi: 10.3390/math11163504.
15. Mohammad Asad Abbasi, Yen Lin Chen*, Abdullah Ayub Khan, Zulfiqar A. Memon, Nouman M. Durrani, Jing Yang, Chin Soon Ku*, and Lip Yee Por*, “Enabling IoT Service Classification: A Machine Learning-Based Approach for Handling Classification Issues in Heterogeneous IoT Services,” IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 89024–89037, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3306607.
16. Lateef Adekunle Adebimpe, Ian Ouii Ng, Mohd Yamani Idna Idris, Mohammed Okmi, Chin Soon Ku*, Tan Fong Ang, and Lip Yee Por*, “Systemic Literature Review of Recognition-Based Authentication Method Resistivity to Shoulder-Surfing Attacks,” Appl. Sci., vol. 13, no. 18, p. 10040, 2023, doi: 10.3390/app131810040.
17. Shams Ul Haq*, Sibghat Ullah Bazai*, Ali Fatima, Shah Marjan, Jing Yang, Lip Yee Por, Mohd Anjum, Sana Shahab, and Chin Soon Ku*, “Reseek-Arrhythmia: Empirical Evaluation of ResNet Architecture for Detection of Arrhythmia,” Diagnostics, vol. 13, no. 18, p. 2867, 2023, doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13182867.
18. Uzair Aslam Bhatti*, Sibghat Ullah Bazai, Shumaila Hussain, Shariqa Fakhar, Chin Soon Ku*, Shah Marjan, Por Lip Yee, and Liu Jing, “Deep Learning-Based Trees Disease Recognition and Classification Using Hyperspectral Data,” Comput. Mater. Contin., vol. 77, no. 1, pp. 681–697, 2023, doi: 10.32604/cmc.2023.037958.
19. Mohamed Gabr, Yousef Korayem, Yen Lin Chen*, Por Lip Yee*, Chin Soon Ku*, and Wassim Alexan, “R3 - Rescale, Rotate, and Randomize: A Novel Image Cryptosystem Utilizing Chaotic and Hyper-Chaotic Systems,” IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 119284–119312, 2023, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3326848.
20. Abdullah Ayub Khan*, Xuzhuo Zhang, Fahima Hajjej, Jing Yang, Chin Soon Ku*, and Lip Yee Por*, “ASMF: Ambient social media forensics chain of custody with an intelligent digital investigation process using federated learning,” Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 1, p. e23254, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23254.
21. Siavash Taherinavid, Seyed Vahid Moravvej, Yen Lin Chen*, Jing Yang, Chin Soon Ku*, and Por Lip Yee*, “Automatic Transportation Mode Classification Using a Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach With Smartphone Sensors,” IEEE Access, vol. 12, pp. 514–533, 2024, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3346875.
22. Ummey Hany Ainan, Lip Yee Por*, Yen Lin Chen*, Jing Yang, and Chin Soon Ku*, “Advancing Bankruptcy Forecasting With Hybrid Machine Learning Techniques: Insights From an Unbalanced Polish Dataset,” IEEE Access, vol. 12, pp. 9369–9381, 2024, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3354173.
23. Lip Yee Por*, Ian Ouii Ng, Yen Lin Chen*, Jing Yang, and Chin Soon Ku*, “A Systematic Literature Review on the Security Attacks and Countermeasures Used in Graphical Passwords,” IEEE Access, vol. 12, pp. 53408–53423, 2024, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3373662.
24. Zeng Wei Hong, Ming Hsiu Michelle Tsai, Chin Soon Ku, Wai Khuen Cheng, Jian Tan Chen, and Jim Min Lin*, “Utilizing robot-tutoring approach in oral reading to improve Taiwanese EFL students’ English pronunciation,” Cogent Educ., vol. 11, no. 1, 2024, doi: 10.1080/2331186X.2024.2342660.
25. A. Hasib Uddin*, Yen Lin Chen*, Miss Rokeya Akter, Chin Soon Ku*, Jing Yang, and Lip Yee Por*, “Colon and lung cancer classification from multi-modal images using resilient and efficient neural network architectures,” Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 9, p. e30625, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30625.
26. Syed Muhammad Nabeel*, Sibghat Ullah Bazai*, Nada Alasbali, Yifan Liu, Muhammad Imran Ghafoor, Rozi Khan, Chin Soon Ku*, Jing Yang, Sana Shahab, and Lip Yee Por*, “Optimizing lung cancer classification through hyperparameter tuning,” Digit. Heal., vol. 10, 2024, doi: 10.1177/20552076241249661.
27. Laraib Sana, Muhammad Mohsin Nazir*, Jing Yang, Lal Hussain, Yen Lin Chen, Chin Soon Ku*, Mohammed Alatiyyah, Sulaiman Abdullah Alateyah, and Lip Yee Por*, “Securing the IoT Cyber Environment: Enhancing Intrusion Anomaly Detection With Vision Transformers,” IEEE Access, vol. 12, pp. 82443–82468, 2024, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3404778.
28. Sohail Mahmood Babur, Shafiq Ur Rehman Khan, Jing Yang, Yen Lin Chen*, Chin Soon Ku*, and Lip Yee Por*, “Preventing 51% Attack by Using Consecutive Block Limits in Bitcoin,” IEEE Access, vol. 12, pp. 77852–77869, 2024, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3407521.
29. Abdullah Ayub Khan*, Yen Lin Chen*, Fahima Hajjej, Aftab Ahmed Shaikh, Jing Yang, Chin Soon Ku*, and Lip Yee Por, “Digital forensics for the socio-cyber world (DF-SCW): A novel framework for deepfake multimedia investigation on social media platforms,” Egypt. Informatics J., vol. 27, p. 100502, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.eij.2024.100502.
30. Mohamed Gabr, Amr Diab, Huwaida T. Elshoush, Yen Lin Chen*, Lip Yee Por*, Chin Soon Ku*, and Wassim Alexan, “Data Security Utilizing a Memristive Coupled Neural Network in 3D Models,” IEEE Access, vol. 12, pp. 116457–116477, 2024, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3447075.
31. Lip Yee Por*, Zhen Dai, Siew Juan Leem, Yi Chen, Jing Yang, Farid Binbeshr, Koo Yuen Phan, and Chin Soon Ku*, “A Systematic Literature Review on the Methods and Challenges in Detecting Zero-Day Attacks: Insights from the Recent CrowdStrike Incident,” IEEE Access, pp. 1–1, 2024, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3455410.
32. Zhen Dai, Lip Yee Por*, Yen-Lin Chen*, Jing Yang, Chin Soon Ku*, Roohallah Alizadehsani, and Paweł Pławiak, “An intrusion detection model to detect zero-day attacks in unseen data using machine learning,” PLoS One, vol. 19, no. 9, p. e0308469, Sep. 2024, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308469.
33. Abdullah Ayub Khan, Jing Yang* , Asif Ali Laghari, Abdullah M. Baqasah,Roobaea Alroobaea, Chin Soon Ku, Roohallah Alizadehsani, U. Rajendra Acharya, Lip Yee Por, “BAIoT-EMS: Consortium network for small-medium enterprises management system with blockchain and augmented intelligence of things,” Eng Appl Artif Intell, vol. 141, p. 109838, Feb. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.engappai.2024.109838.
34. Abdullah Ayub Khan, Jing Yang, Shafique Ahmed Awan, Abdullah M. Baqasah, Roobaea Alroobaea, Yen-Lin Chen*, Chin Soon Ku*, and Lip Yee Por, “Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, and Blockchain Empowering Future Vehicular Developments: A Comprehensive Multi-Hierarchical Lifecycle Review,” Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences, vol. 15, p. 13, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.22967/HCIS.2025.15.013.
35. Yong Lin Lai, Tan Fong Ang, Uzair Aslam Bhatti, Chin Soon Ku*, Qi Han, Lip Yee Por*, “Color correction methods for underwater image enhancement: A systematic literature review,” PLoS ONE, vol. 20, no. 3, p. e0317306, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0317306.
36. Mohammed Okmi,Tan Fong Ang,Muhammad Faiz Mohd Zaki,Chin Soon Ku*,Koo Yuen Phan,Irfan Wahyudi,Lip Yee Por*, “Mobile Phone Network Data in the COVID-19 era: A systematic review of applications, socioeconomic factors affecting compliance to non-pharmaceutical interventions, privacy implications, and post-pandemic economic recovery strategies,” PLoS ONE, vol. 20, no. 4, p. e0322520, April  2025, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0322520.
37. Uddin A. Hasib, Raihan Md. Abu, Jing Yang, Bhatti Uzair Aslam, Chin Soon Ku*, Lip Yee Por*, “YOLOv8 Framework for COVID-19 and Pneumonia Detection Using Synthetic Image Augmentation,” Digital Health, vol. 11, May  2025, doi: 10.1177/20552076251341092.

Articles in Journals - Preprint

1. Abdullah Ayub Khan, Jing Yang, Asif Ali Laghari, Fahima Hajjej, Yen-Lin Chen, Chin Soon Ku, Lip Yee Por. Metaverse in Multimedia Gaming: Quality of Experience (QoE) Challenges and Standards Requirements for Immersive Media Consumption, 03 September 2023, PREPRINT (Version 1) available at Research Square [https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3310980/v1]
2. Abdullah Khan, Yen-Lin Chen, Fahima Hajjej, Aftab Ahmed Shaikh, Jing Yang, Chin Soon Ku, Lip Yee Por. Towards an Intelligent Industrial Environment: Blockchain-Empowering Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence for Risk Assessment and Strategic Evaluation, 03 September 2023, SSRN, (preprint), available at SSRN preprint [https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4582304]

Articles in Proceeding

1. Amanul Islam, Por Lip Yee*, Fazidah Othman, Ku Chin Soon, A review of the recognition-based graphical password, The 4th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON Computational Science and Technology - 4th ICCST 2017, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 29-30 November 2017 (ISSN: 1876-1100). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2622-6_49
2. Z. Tang* and C. S. Ku, "Optimization of Wireless Charging Power Transmission Efficiency Based on Decoupling Equivalent Circuit Model," 2023 Asia-Pacific Conference on Image Processing, Electronics and Computers (IPEC), Dalian, China, 2023, pp. 141-150, doi: 10.1109/IPEC57296.2023.00033.
3. Hoong-Cheng Soong*, Ramesh Kumar Ayyasamy, Chin Soon Ku, Shakiroh Khamis, “Evolutionary Music Monophony Generator Using Non-Binary Representation Genes from Genetic Algorithm,” in Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, Volume 393: Machine Learning and Intelligent Systems, IOS Press Ebooks, 2024, pp. 31–40. doi: 10.3233/FAIA241211.
4. Lip Yee Por*; Jing Yang; Chin Soon Ku, “A review of image-based graphical passwords and shoulder-surfing attack mitigation strategies,” in AIP Conference Proceedings Volume 3308, Issue 1, 2025, 030003. doi: 10.1063/5.0271589.

Editorial

1. Por, L.Y.; Yang, J.; Ku, C.S.; Khan, A.A. Special Issue on Cryptography and Information Security. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 6042. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13106042

Letter to the Editor

1. Yang, J., Por, L.Y., Leong, M.C. and Ku, C.S. The Potential of ChatGPT in Assisting Children with Down Syndrome. Ann Biomed Eng (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-023-03281-3

Research Project

1. Graphical Password: Prevent Shoulder-Surfing Attack Using Digraph Substitution Rules, UM POSTGRADUATE RESEARCH GRANT (PPP), February 2016 - March 2019. (GRANT NUMBER: PG005-2015B)
2. A Graphical Authentication Method To Prevent Shoulder-Surfing Attacks Using Digraph Substitution Rules, UTARRF, December 2017 - December 2018. (GRANT NUMBER: IPSR/RMC/UTARRF/2017-C2/K03)
3. Prevent Password Reconstruction Attack For Cyber Security Authentication Using Knowledge-based Method, MOHE FRGS, July 2018 - June 2021. (GRANT NUMBER: FRGS/1/2018/ICT04/UM/02/17)
4. A Recognition-based Graphical User Authentication scheme to Resist Shoulder-Surfing Attacks, UTARRF, December 2020 - June 2022. (GRANT NUMBER: IPSR/RMC/UTARRF/2020-C2/K04)
5. A Knowledge-based Graphical User Authentication scheme using Compass Directional Method to Resist Shoulder-Surfing Attacks, UTARRF, July 2023 - June 2024. (GRANT NUMBER:IPSR/RMC/UTARRF/2023-C1/K01)
6. A Knowledge-Based Graphical User Authentication to Resist Video Recording Attacks, MOHE FRGS, October 2023 - September 2026. (GRANT NUMBER: FRGS/1/2023/ICT03/UTAR/02/1)
7. A research of developing an automated fatigue detection and adaptive feedback system with facial recognition in online video lectures, National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) Research Project Grant, Taiwan, August 2024 - July 2025 (GRANT NUMBER: NSTC 113-2410-H-035-028)
8. Resolving Postural Instability in Lower-Limb Amputees through Novel Deep Learning-Based Biomechanical Models, TAYLOR'S INTERNAL RESEARCH GRANT SCHEME - IMPACT LAB GRANT, November 2024 - May 2026. (GRANT NUMBER:TIRGS-ILG/2/2024/SOE/003)

Supervision